Early detection and treatment of osteoporosis ...

The goal of osteoporosis treatment is to prevent broken bones and fractures. This is done by stopping bone loss and increase bone density and strength. Early detection and treatment of osteoporosis can reduce the risk of future fractures. None of the available treatments for osteoporosis full treatment. It is difficult to fully restore bone that has been weakened by osteoporosis. Thus, prevention of osteoporosis is as important as treatment. Changes in lifestyle, including smoking quit smoking, limiting alcohol intake, exercising regularly and eating a balanced diet with adequate calcium and vitamin D

drugs that stop bone loss and increase bone strength, such as alendronate (fosamaks) ryzedronat (Actonel), raloksifen (Evista), ibandronat (Boniva), calcitonin (Calcimar) and zoledronat (Reclast);

Medications that increase bone formation, such as teriparatide (Forteo). Currently, the most effective drugs for treating osteoporosis, which is FDA approved anti-resorptive agents that prevent the destruction of bone. Anti-resorptive medications inhibit bone removal (resorption). They help restore bone and increasing bone density. Menopausal hormone therapy estrogen is one example of anti-resorptive agent. Other alendronate (fosamaks), risendronate (Actonel), raloksifen (Evista), ibandronat (Boniva), calcitonin (Calcimar), and recently approved zoledronat (Reclast). Bisphosphonates, a class of drugs that inhibit bone destruction, reduced risk of hip fracture, wrist fracture and fracture of the spine. To reduce side effects and increase the absorption of medicine, all bisphosphonates taken by mouth (orally) should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach, half an hour before breakfast, and at least 8 ounces (240 ml) water (not juice). Taking the pill sitting or standing minimizes the chances of tablets, which are presented in the esophagus. Patients should also remain upright for 30 minutes after taking the pill to avoid reflux into the esophagus tablets. In addition, no food or drink should be taken within 30 minutes after that. New intravenous bisphosphonates such as ibandronat (Boniva) and zoledronat (Reclast) to avoid these potential problems in the gastrointestinal tract. Alendronate (fosamaks) is a biphosphonate anti-resorptive drugs. Alendronate is designed to prevent and treat osteoporosis and to treat osteoporosis caused by cortisone-related medications (corticosteroids osteoporosis). Alendronate has been shown to increase bone density and reduce fractures of the spine, hips and hands. Alendronate is taken by mouth once a week for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Alendronate is the first drug approved for osteoporosis and increase bone density in men with osteoporosis or in daily or weekly schedule dose. Alendronate is generally well tolerated with few side effects. One of the side effects of alendronate is irritation of esophagus (food pipe that connects the mouth to the stomach). Inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis) and esophageal ulceration have been reported frequently with the use of alendronate. Ryzedronat (Actonel) is another anti-resorptive bisphosphonates drugs. As Alendronate, this drug it is designed to prevent and treat osteoporosis and to treat osteoporosis caused by cortisone-related medications (GCS-induced osteoporosis). Ryzedronat chemically different from alendronate and has less likelihood of causing irritation of the esophagus. Ryzedronat also more powerful in preventing bone resorption than alendronate. Ibandronat (Boniva) are oral bisphosphonates for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. It is available both daily and monthly oral formulas and intravenously every three months. Zoledronate (Reclast) is a unique annual intravenous bisphosphonates anti-resorptive drugs. This formulation seems to have a very good opportunity to strengthen bones by increasing bone density and prevent fractures of the spine strong and bones and bones of the spine. Its convenience as given only once a year is obvious. As with all bisphosphonates, patients taking zoledronat (Reclast) must be loaded with enough calcium and vitamin D before and after taking the drug for optimal results. In general, patients give paracetamol on the day of infusion and for several days thereafter to prevent the occasional minor muscle and joint pain. Injection takes approximately 20-30 minutes. A small number of cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw were reported in people taking bisphosphonates to treat osteoporosis. The risk is higher in those who received intravenous bisphosphonates and primarily occurred after trauma jaw, such as tooth extraction or treatment of cancer. Raloksifen (Evista) belongs to a class of drugs called selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). SERMs work like estrogen in some tissues but as an anti-estrogen in other tissues. SERMs are designed to take advantage of estrogen while avoiding the potential side effects of estrogen. Thus, raloksifen can act like estrogen on bone, but as anti-estrogens on the uterine lining. Due to its anti-estrogen effects, the most common side effects of raloxifene are hot flashes. On the other hand, because of its estrogenic effects raloksifen increases the risk of blood clots, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (blood clots in the lungs). The greatest increase in risk occurs during the first 4 months of use. Patients were raloksifen should avoid long periods of real estate during travel when blood clots are more likely to occur. The risk of deep vein thrombosis with raloksifen probably comparable to estrogen, 2 to 3 times higher than normal low occurrence. Raloksifen reduces the risk of spine fractures in postmenopausal women suffering from osteoporosis, but the advantage in reducing the risk of hip fracture is not yet known. (Only agents who certainly has proven to reduce the risk of fractures of the hip joint are bisphosphonates).

Calcitonin (Calcimar, Miacalcin)

Calcitonin (Calcimar, Miacalcin) is a hormone that was approved by the FDA in the United States for the treatment of osteoporosis. Calcitonins coming from several species, but salmon calcitonin is one of the most widely used. Calcitonin can be administered as a shot under the skin (subcutaneously) or into a muscle (intramuscularly), or inhaled through the nose (intranasal). Intranasal calcitonin is the most convenient of the three methods. Calcitonin has been shown to prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women. In women with established osteoporosis, calcitonin has been shown to increase bone density and strength in the spine only. Calcitonin is not as effective in increasing bone density and strengthening bone as estrogen and other anti-resorptive agents. In addition, it is not effective in reducing the risk of fractures of the spine, and not proved effective in reducing the risk of hip fracture. Therefore, calcitonin is not the first choice treatment in women with established osteoporosis. However, calcitonin is a useful alternative for treatment of osteoporosis patients who can not tolerate other drugs. Common side effects or injection or nasal spray calcitonin are nausea and hot flashes. Patients using Miacalcin nasal spray may develop nasal irritation, runny nose or nasal bleeding. Injectable calcitonin can cause local skin redness at the injection site, rash, and flushing. Teriparatide (Forteo) is a synthetic analogue of the human hormone, parathyroid lasix drug generic hormone, which helps regulate calcium metabolism in the body. It promotes the growth of new bone, while other medicines osteoporosis improving bone density by inhibiting bone resorption. Teriparatide (Forteo) also introduced into the skin. Because long-term safety has not been set, just approved by the FDA within 24 months of use and works best in combination with bisphosphonates. This reduces spine fractures in women with osteoporosis you know, but reduced risk of hip fractures is currently not proven. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if you do not know the specific drug or formula. .